Elements of Climatology (GPLA2203)
BA. Geography and Planning - GP
Semester: Second Semester
Level: 200
Year: 2017
REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON THE UNIVERSITY OF BAMENDA
Peace - Work - Fatherland P-O. BOX 39 Bambili
Faculty: ARTS Department: GEOGRAPHY AND PLANNING Lecturers): Dr KIMENGSI & AWUH
Course Code: GEOP 206 Course Title:
ELEMENTS OF CLIMATOLOGY
Hall: AMPHI 650 Time: 3-6 PM TUESDAY 1 AUGUST 2017
Examination Instruction(s);
ANSWER TWO QUESTIONS IN SECTION ONE AND ALL THE QUESTIONS IN SECTION TWO
SECTION ONE
1. Discuss the differences between traditional and contemporary climatology (20mks)
2. Examine the various ways through which knowledge of the Climate System Model assists in the understanding of
current and future climatic changes (20mks)
3. a) Discuss the meteorological significance of aerosols (10mks)
b) Explain the hydrological significance of water vapour (10mks)
SECTION TWO
Identify the correct letter of the correct answer only. Do not recopy the answer
1. The primary source of energy for the earth's atmosphere is: A. energy from within the earth; B. the sun
C. erupting volcanoes D. lightning discharges associated with thunderstorms E. latent heat released during the formation
of hurricanes
2. In the atmosphere, tiny solid or liquid suspended particles of various composition are called: A. aerosols
B. carcinogens C. greenhouse gases D. microbes
3. The atmospheric layer in which we live is called the: A. troposphere B. stratosphere
C. thermosphere D. ionosphere E. exosphere
4. The instrument that measures temperature, pressure, and humidity at various altitudes in the atmosphere:
A. barograph B. radiosonde C. aneroid barometer D. altimeter
5. Warming in the stratosphere is mainly caused by:
A. absorption of ultraviolet radiation by ozone B. release of latent heat energy during condensation C. chemical reactions
between ozone and chlorofluorocarbons D. frictional heating caused by meteorites
6. The wind direction is: A. the direction from which the wind is blowing B. the direction to which the wind is
blowing C. always directly from high toward low pressure D. always directly from low toward high pressure
7. Which of the following is not a temperature scale? A. Fahrenheit B. Kelvin C. Calorie D. Celsius
8. Rising air cools by this process: A. expansion B. evaporation C. compression D. condensation
9. The proper order from shortest to longest wavelength is: A. visible, infrared, ultraviolet B. infrared, visible,
ultraviolet C. ultraviolet, visible, infrared D. visible, ultraviolet, infrared E. ultraviolet, infrared, visible
10. Heat transferred outward from the surface of the moon can take place by: A. convection B. conduction
C.latent heat D. radiation
11. Solar radiation reaches the earth's surface as: A. visible radiation only B. ultraviolet radiation only
C.infrared radiation only D. visible and infrared radiation only E. ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation
12. The earth's radiation is often referred to as _________ radiation, while the sun's radiation is often referred
to as ________________ radiation. A. shortwave, longwave B. shortwave, shortwave C. longwave, shortwave
D. longwave, longwave
13. The combined albedo of the earth and atmosphere is: A. 4% B. 10% C. 30% D. 50% E. 90%
14. On the average, about what percentage of the solar energy that strikes the outer atmosphere eventually
reaches the earth's surface? A. 5% B. 15% C. 30% D. 50% E. 70%
15. Sunlight that bounces off a surface is said to be ______________ from the surface. A. radiated
B. absorbed C. emitted D. reflected
16. A red shirt A. selectively absorbs red wavelenghts of visible light and scatters the rest B. selectively scatters red
wavelenghts of visible light and absorbs the rest
17. In meteorology, the word insolation refers to: A. a well-constructed, energy-efficient home B. the solar
constant C. incoming solar radiation D. an increase in solar output
18. Lines connecting points of equal temperature are called: A. isobars B. isotherms C. thermals
D. thermographs
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19. High pressure systems are associated with what type of weather? A. Associated with cool, wet B. Associated
with clear, cool, dry C. Associated with cloudy, warm, wet D. Associated with cloudy, warm, dry weather
20. What best describes a cold front A. A cold front is the boundary between an advancing cold air mass and a
retreating wedge of a cool air B. A cold front is the boundary between an advancing cold air mass and a warm air mass
C. Clouds form and precipitation occurs on both sides of the warm front D. Clouds form and precipitation occurs in front
of the cold front
21. How are thunderstorms related to tornadoes and hurricanes? A. Thunderstorms and hurricanes are both
formed in low pressure systems B. Thunderstorms and hurricanes are both formed in high pressure systems.
C. Thunderstorms and hurricanes develop over water. D. Thunderstorms and hurricanes are both formed by warm fronts
22. What is the Coriolis Force? A. The Coriolis force is formed by the rotation of the earth. B. The Coriolis force
is formed by the salt water. C. The Coriolis force is formed by high pressure systems. D. The Coriolis force is
formed by tornados.
23. Which of the following statement is/are true? A. Surface high pressure systems are characterized by
converging winds in low levels and diverging winds in upper levels. B. Surface low pressure systems are characterized by
converging winds in upper levels and diverging winds in low levels C. Surface pressure changes occur when upper-level
divergence/convergence exceeds low-level convergence/divergence. D. Atmospheric matter (air) can be created and
destroyed
24. Areas of low pressure are typically characterized by ______ air and move toward regions where the
pressure is __________ with time. A. sinking; falling B. rising; falling C. sinking; rising D. rising; rising
25. How does friction affect the wind near the earth’s surface? A. Friction slows the wind down. B. Friction
causes the wind to blow across height contours/isobars toward lower heights/pressure. C. Friction pulls the wind down
toward the ground. D. A and B are true. E. All statements are true.
26. Deflective force arising from the earth's rotation is called A. Coriolis force. B. gravity. C. pressure
gradient force. D. centripetal force. E. friction.
27. Meteorologist use lines (isobars) drawn on a map to connect ---------------------- A. Temperature equals area
B. Friction slows the wind down. C. Pressure gradient D. Places with equal pressure
28. Which of the following statement is / are not true? A. At night, larger bodies of water stay warms as land
cools off more quickly B. Mountainous terrain changes temperature quicker than the valley floors C. In the heat of the
day, the mountains heat up quickly, causing air to rise. D. Thunderstorms are accompanied by convectional and
orographic and frontal down lift.
29. The general pattern of cyclones at the earth’s equator is called ------------------- A. Jet stream B. Rising air
C. Descending air D. Equatorial low E. Subtropical high
30. Understanding how the atmosphere works helps us to: A. Predict violent storms and protect people B.
Spiral inward C. Hot, arid conditions produce desert near the tropical high D. Fight corruption
31. What is the full meaning of WMO? A. Weather monitoring organization B. Weather management and
observation C. Weather meteorological organization D. World meteorological organization E. Weather
management organization
32. one of the following is not an instruments used for upper air observation. A. Optical theodolite
B. Radiosonde C. Computer D. Stop watch E. Temp ascent F. Meteorological balloons
33. -------------------- are the elements of weather and climate except one A. Temperature B. Relative humidity
C. Rainfall D. Sunshine E. Cloud F. Evaporation pan
34. Which of the following statement is / are not true? A. wind direction is measure using cup anemometer
B. air temperature is measured with the aid of a thermometer C. present and past weather is visually observed
D. persistence forecast can last for hours E. sunshine duration is measured with the aid of a sunshine recorder
35. --------------------------are types of meteorological stations except one? A. synoptic station B. climatological
station C. rainfall station D. manual and automated station
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