Elements of Climatology Questions

Elements of Climatology (GPLA2203)

BA. Geography and Planning - GP

Semester: Second Semester

Level: 200

Year: 2017

Answers (200 )

THE UNIVERSITY OF

SECTION ONE

1. Discuss the differences between traditional and cc temporary climatology (20mks)

2. Examine the various ways through which knowledge of the Climate System Model assists in the understanding

of current and future climatic changes (20mks)

3. a) Discuss the meteorological significance of aerosols (10mks)

b) Explain the hydrological significance of water vapour (10mks)

SECTION TWO Identify the correct letter of the correct answer only. Do not recopy the answer

1. The primary source of energy for the earth's atmosphere is: A. energy from within the earth; B. the sun

C. erupting volcanoes D. lightning discharges associated with thunderstorms E. latent heat released during

the formation of hurricanes

2. In the atmosphere, tiny solid or liquid suspended particles of various compositions are called: A. aerosols

B. carcinogens C. greenhouse gases D. microbes

3. The atmospheric layer in which we live is called the: A. troposphere B. stratosphere C. thennosphere

D. ionosphere E. exosphere

4. The instrument that measures temperature, pressure, and humidity at various altitudes in the atmosphere:

A. barograph B. radiosonde C. aneroid barometer D. altimeter

5. Warming in the stratosphere is mainly caused by:

A. absorption of ultraviolet radiation by ozone B. release of latent heat energy during condensation C.

chemical reactions between ozone and chloroflcorocarbons D. frictional heating caused by meteorites

6. The wind direction is: A. the direction from which the wind is blowing B. the direction to which the wind is

blowing C. always directly from high toward low pressure D. always directly from low toward high pressure

7. Which of the following is not a temperature scale?

Fahrenheit B. Kelvin C. Calorie D. Celsius

8. Rising air cools by this process: A. expansion B. evaporation C. compression D. condensation

9. The proper order from shortest to longest wavelength A. visible, infrared, ultraviolet B. infrared, visible,

ultraviolet C. ultraviolet, visible, infrared D. visible ultraviolet, infrared E. ultraviolet, infrared, visible ).

10. Heat transferred outward from the surface of the moon can take place by: A. convection B. conduction

C. latent heat D. radiation

11. Solar radiation reaches the earth's surface as:

visible radiation only B. ultraviolet radiation only

infrared radiation only D. visible and infrared radiation only E. ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation

12.The earth's radiation is often referred to as __________ radiation, while the sun's radiation is often referred

to as _______ radiation. A. shortwave, longwave B. shortwave, shortwave C. longwave, shortwave

D. longwave, longwave

13.The combined albedo of the earth and atmosphere is:

4% B. 10% C. 30% D. 50% E. 90%

14. On the average, about what percentage of the s•: hr energy that strikes the outer atmosphere eventually reaches

the earth's surface? A. 5% B. 15% C. 30% D. 50% E. 70%

15. Sunlight that bounces off a surface is said to be _____________ from the surface. A. radiated B. absorbed

C. emitted D. reflected

16. A red shirt A. selectively absorbs red wavelengths of visible light and scatters the rest B. selectively

scatters red wavelengths of visible light and absorbs the rest

17. In meteorology, the word insolation refers to:

well-constructed, energy-efficient home B. the solar constant

C. incoming solar radiation D. an increase in solar output .

18. Lines connecting points of equal temperature are called: A. isobars B. isotherms C. thermals D. thermographs

19. High pressure systems

are associated with

what type of weather? A. Associated with cool wet B. Associated

with clear, cool, dry C –associated with cloudy, warm, wet D. Associated With cloudy, warm, dry weather

20. What best describes a

cold front A. A cold

front is the boundary between an advancing cold air mass and

retreating wedge of a cool air: B. A cold front is the boundary between an advancing cold air mass and a

warm air mass C. Clouds form and precipitation occurs on both sides of the warm front D. Clouds form and

precipitation occurs in front of the cold front

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21. How are thunderstorms related to tornadoes and hurricanes? A. Thunderstorms and hurricanes are both

formed in low pressure systems B. Thunderstorms and hurricanes are both formed in high pressure systems

C. Thunderstorms and hurricanes develop over water. D. Thunderstorms and hurricanes are both formed by warm

fronts

22. What is the Coriolis Force? A. The Coriolis force is formed by the rotation of the earth. B. The Coriolis

is formed by the salt water. C. The Coriolis force is formed by high pressure systems. D. The Coriolis force is

formed by tornados.

23. Which of the following statement is/are true? A. Surface high pressure systems are characterized by

converging winds in low levels and diverging winds in upper levels. B. Surface low pressure systems are

characterized by converging winds in upper levels and diverging winds in low levels C. Surface pressure changes

occur when upper-level divergence/convergence exceeds low-level convergence/divergence. D. Atmospheric

matter (air) can be created and destroyed

24. Areas of low pressure are typically characterized by ___ air and move toward regions where the

pressure is _____with time. A. sinking; falling B. rising; fading C sinking; rising D. rising; rising:

25. How does friction affect the wind near the earth's surface? A. Friction slows the wind down. B. Friction

causes the wind to blow across height contours/isobars toward lower heights pressure. C. Friction pulls wind

down toward the ground. D. A and B are true. E. All statements are true

26. Deflective force arising from the earth's rotation is called A. Coriolis force- B gravity; G. pressure

gradient force. D. centripetal force. E. friction.

27. Meteorologist use lines (isobars) drawn on a map to connect ----------------------- A. Temperature equals

Friction slows the wind down. C. Pressure gradient D. Places with equal pressure

28. Which of the following statement is / are not true? A. At night, larger bodies of water stay warms as land

cools off more quickly B. Mountainous terrain changes temperature quicker titan the valley floors C. In heat of the

day, the mountains heat up quickly, causing air to rise. D. Thunderstorms are accompanied by convectional and

orographic and frontal down lift.

29. The general pattern of cyclones at the earth’s equator is called --------------------- A. Jet stream B. Rising air

C. Descending air D. Equatorial low E. Subtropical high

30. Understanding how the atmosphere works helps us to:

Predict violent storms and protect people

B. Spiral inward C. Hot, arid conditions produce desert near the tropical high D. Fight corruption

31. What is the full meaning of WMO? A. Weather monitoring organization B. Weather management and

observation C. Weather meteorological organization D. World meteorological organization E. Weather

management organization

32. one of the following is not an instruments used for upper air observation. A. Optical theodolite

B. Radiosonde C. Computer D. Stop watch E. Temp ascent F. Meteorological logical balloons

33. __________ are the elements of weather and climate except one

Temperature B. Relative humidity

C. Rainfall D. Sunshine E. Cloud F. Evaporation pan

34. Which of the following statement is / are not true? A. wind direction is measure using cup anemometer

B. air temperature is measured with the aid of a thermometer C. present and past weather is visually observed

persistence forecast can last for hours E. sunshine duration measured with the aid of a sunshine recorder

35.

__________

are types of meteorological stations except

one?

synoptic

station B. climatology station

C. rainfall station D. manual and automated station

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