Higher Plants (BOTS2202)
Biological Science - BS
Semester: Second Semester
Level: 200
Year: 2018
REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON THE UNIVERSITY OF BAMENDA
Peace-Work-Fatherland P. O. BOX 39 Bambili
School/Faculty:Science Department: _Biological Sciences Lecturer(s): Dr Nouck, Dr Tacham
Course Code:BOTS 2202____ Course Title: _Higher plant
Date: _13/07/2018_______Hall: PBB06 / Asanji _______Time: _11:00-14:00_______
Instructions: _Answer all questions with very short and simple sentences
Section A: Angiosperms 35 Marks
a). The following sentence describes botanical characters and processes that characterize the different
classes of Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. Using ONE WORD ONLY, give the answer to each of the
following.
1. The name given to the young green gametophyte of ferns.
2. The first treachery cells that develop within a patch of xylem.
3. Sporophytic leaves that have intercalary meristem and lack a gap in its vasculature.
4. They are appendages in lycophytes that resemble lycophylls but lack vascular tissue.
5. It is the determinate reproductive shoot with terminal aggregate of sporophylls.
6. The name given to the vegetative form of Selaginella that have spirally arranged leaves of only
one size
7. The tiny appendages on the upper side and leaf bases of Lycophytes.
8. the production of two types of spores formed within specialized sporangia.
9. The development of the gametophyte within the original spore wall is known as?
10. What is the name commonly used to describe the leaf of leptosporangiate ferns?
11. A specialized shoot consisting of stem tissue with one or more needle-shaped leaves and scales
in gymnosperms.
12. Which is the group of gymnosperms characterized by the loss of sperm mortality?
13. The production of the male and female strobili on different plants is known as?
14. The development of the pollen tube that transports the sperm cells to make contact with female
gametophyte
` 15. The modified lateral branch system that makes up the compound structure of female cones of
conifers is known as?
16. The condition in conifers where the pollen grain walls develop two bladders for its transport is
known as?
17. What is the name given to the only surviving species of Ginkgophyta?
18. The name given to the Gnetaceae that is commonly sold in the markets.
19. One example of conifer commonly used as an ornamental plant and fuel wood.
b) State the five(5) major genera that constitute the Lycopodiaceae? (5 marks)
c). State three (3) useful taxonomic characters of ferns. (3 marks)
d). Draw a well labeled diagram of the following:
i) A vertical lengthwise section of a fern prothallum (5 marks)
ii) Sporophyll of Equisetum bearing a sporangium (2 marks)
e). State two (2) major differences between the spore of equisetum and those of vascular plants (2
marks).
Section B: Angiosperms 35 Marks
1) Complete the following table (0.5 x 18 = 9 marks)
S/N Part Functions of parts of a flower
1 Pedoncule
2 Links the stigma to the ovary, through which pollen tube grow
3 Anther
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4 Support the anther
5 Petal
6 Calix
7 Collective term for the petals (attraction)
8 The shoot tip upon which the floral parts are attached
9 The female reproductive part of the flower, made up of stigma, style and
ovary
10 Sepal
11 Contain ovules which develop into seeds when fertilized
12 Collective term for all the female parts (fertilization)
13 Nectaries
14 Supports the flower to make it easily seen by insects, and be able to
withstand wind
15 Androecium
16 Collective term for both the calyx and corolla (attraction and protection)
17 The male reproductive parts of a flower, made up of anther and filament
18 Stigma
2) Draw and explain the life cycle of angiosperms (4+3 = 7 marks)
3) Differentiate by drawing a true(mango) and false (apple) fruit (3=3 marks)
4) Draw the following modified tap root and adventitious root systems (0.5 x 6= 3 marks)
a) Fusiform, b) Napiform, c) Conical, d) Tuberous, e) Nodulose and f) Prop roots
5) Draw the following underground and aerial modified stem (0.5 x 6 = 3 marks)
g) Rhizomes, h) Bulb, i) Corms, j) Thorn, K) Stolon, and I) Prop roots
6) Differentiate by drawing a simple and compound leaf; list two main differences (1+2+2 = 5 marks)
7) Fill into the blank spaces (0.5 x 20 =5 marks)
Regardless of the number of a)….a compound leaf still has a single b)….at its base with the leaflets
having no such c)….d)…..compound leaves have the leaflets in pairs along a central stalklike rachis while
e)….compound leaves have all the leaflets attached at the same point at the end of the f)….. The
arrangement of g)….on the stem is called h)… The positioning of the i)…in the leaf blade is called j)… The
type of k)…. Where there are three or more leaves at each node is called l)… The main vein radiates from
the point where they joint the petiole is called m)…. The veins are arranged in spiral around the midrib is
called n)…The type of o)… when leaves are paired on opposite p)…of the stem is called q)…r)…..when
one leaf at each node, usually arranged in spiral around the stem. A typical achene is the fruit of sun flower.
A s)…. Is one formed from individual ovaries of several flawowers in entire inflorescence. Fruit form
without fertilization of the t)…. Is called u)….
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