Human Pathology (MTLS2202)
BSc, Biochemistry - BCHS
Semester: Second Semester
Level: 200
Year: 2016
REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON THE UNIVERSITY OF BAMENDA
Peace-Work-Fatherland P. O. BOX 39 Bambili
School/Faculty:Science Department:_Biological Sciences Lecturer(s): Kada/
Fotsing/Nfor____
Course Code: _MLTS2202_______ Course Title: HUMAN PATHOLOGY__
Date: _07-07-2016_______Halls: __ Amphi340/PBA07________Time: 7:30-10:30__
Instructions: ___Be brief and concise and do not mix different parts. For all MCQs.
Answer the questions by writing the number and the ingle letter that best answers the
questions__________
PART I: (10 Marks)
Question 1: multiple choice question (MCQ):, 5 marks . . .
1)
What is the name of the- phenomenon where WBC's marginate and become attached to
the edge of the endothelium?
A) Cementing B) pavementing C) margination D)adhesion
2)
The following diseases are abnormalities of sex chromosome.
a)The Turner syndrome b)The Patau syndrome (Trjsomy 13) c)The down syndrome d)Th.e
Edward syndrome (Trisomy 18) e) The sickle cell anemia
3)
The following diseases are abnormalities of autosomal chromosome except one
a ) The "cri du chat" syndrome b)The velocardiofacial syndrome c)The down syndrome d)The
klinefelter syndrome e) Al I of the above
4)
Concerning the Mandelian genetics, all the following statements are correct except:
a)
If a genetic mutation is dominant the gene must be inherited
b)
If the disorder is recessive the defective gene must be inherited from both parents
c)
One who inherits a single recessive mutation -cannot pass, the gene to his or her off springs
d)
A disease linked to a gene defect on the X chromosome; meaning that the disease essentially
as recessive inheritance in women and dominance in men
5)
Concerning the overview of the cell injury which of the following statements is correct:
a)
Cells actively control the composition of their immediate environment but not their
intracellular milieu
Under physiological stresses or pathological stimuli,
b)
Under physiological stresses or pathological stimuli, cells are unable to undergo adaptation to
achieve a new steady state
c)
If an injury is too severe, the affected cells die
d)
None of the above is correct
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Question 2
1) State the 5 beneficial effects of acute inflammation l,25mark
2) State the 4 causes of chronic inflammation 1 mark
3) KANDE ALMAZ is pregnant for the second time. Her first child, ABEBE has disease X.
KANDE ALMAZ has 2 brothers, TESFAYE and FANTU, and a sister DESTA. FANTU and
DESTA are unmarried. TESFAYE is married to an unrelated woman called TENAGNE, and has
a 2 year old daughter, MIMI. KANDE ALMAZ'S parents are ATO KEBEDE & KANDE
EE'.ETECH. BELETECH'S sister who is called KANDE KELEMUWA is the mother of
KANDE ALMAZ'S husband, ATO WCRKU, who is 25 years old. There is no previous family
history of disease X.
a.
Draw the pedigree using standard symbols. 1 mark
b. What is the pattern of transmission of the of disease X. justify 0.5 mark
C. what is the risk of disease X for KAN DE ALMAZ'S next child? 0,25 mark
d. Which people in this pedigree are necessarily heterozygote? 1 mark
PART II: (10 marks)
1 a) Which factors predispose a lady to develop cervicalcancer? (3 marks)
b). How can cervical cancer be prevented? (2 marks)
2.
Match the terms on the left with the definitions on the right, using numbers and letter.
(5marks)
Term
Definition
1
Pathology
A
The ability of a microbial agents to cause infectio
n
2
Biopsy B The constant presence of diseases or infectious agents within a given
geographic area or population group
3
Tuberculosis
C
Case fatality rate or proportiori
of clinical cases that develop severe
4 Primary Syphilis D The increased susceptibility to a: wide range of infections that people
with healthy immune systems can fight off.
5
CD4
E
Special protein on the cell surface unto which a virus bumps
6
Pathogenicity
F .
The study of the links between diseases and basic s
cience
:
7 Virulence
6.
Caused by slow-growing bacteria that thrive in areas of the body that
are rich in oxygen such as the lungs
8
Immunodeficienc H
Begins with a small
round painless sore called a chancre.
9 Ascariasis 1 Causes severe abdominal pain; fatigue, vomiting, and weight loss
10
Endemic disease J A sample of tissue cut and viewed under a microscope to check for
signs of cancer.
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PART III: (15 Marks)
SECTION A: MCO (5 Marks)
1. Which is not implicated in altered arousal? (a) direct destruction of the reticular activating
system and its pathways (b) compression of the reticular activating system by a disease process
(c) compression of the spinal cord (d) destruction of the entire brainstem (e) all of the above.
2. Aphasia is: (a) a defect in the ability to recognize the form or nature of objects, (b) loss of the
ability to comprehend or produce language, (c) impairment to the ability to comprehend or use
symbols, (d) none of the above, (e) all of the above
3. The three major types of dementia are: (a) depressic, intentional, and cognitive, (b) psychic,
amnestic, and intentional, (c) temporal, cognitive and intentional, (d) amnestic, intentional, and
cognitive, (e) None of the above
4. In Parkinson's disease, there is; (a) Degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia
nigra (b) Degeneration of the cholinergic netirons’ in the-substantia nigra (c) overproduction of
dopamine in the substantia nigra (d) there is degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons but the
availability/of dopamine is not affected (e) None of the above
5. Which one is not a major symptom of Parkinson's disease? (a) Resting tremor (b) bradykinesia
(c) rigidity (d) loss of postural reflexes (e) lack of facial expression and animation
SECTION B: Essay questions (10 marks)
1. Describe the pathophysiology of the two types of cerebrovascular accident (3 marks)
2. What is dysmenorrhea? What is origin of the symptoms of that disease? And how can we
manage symptoms? (2 marks)
3. Describe the two types of diabetes insipidus (3 marks)
4. How can you explain edema observed in people having nephrotic syndrome? (2,marks)
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