Introduction to Petrology and Mineralogy Questions

Geology, Mining and Environmental Science - GENV

Semester: First Semester

Level: 200

Year: 2018

School/Faculty: FS Department: GMES

Lecturer(s): Dr Alice Mufur/Mme Aye

Course Code: GLYS2111

Course Title: Introduction to Petrology and Mineralogy

Academic Year: Semester:

Date: 28/02/2018 Hall: PBB06 Time: 7:30 – 10:30

Instructions:

Answer ALL Questions

REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON THE UNIVERSITY OF BAMENDA

Peace-Work-Fatherland P.O. BOX 39 Bambili

Part I: Introduction to Petrology

1. a) Explain the meaning of the following words: foliation, facies, aphanitic texture, magmatic contamination,

chemical sedimentary rocks (5marks)

b) Explain the processes that result in the formation of clastic sedimentary rocks (l0marks)

2, a) Using the Bowen's reaction series, explain how different minerals crystallize out of a magmatic melt.

(12marks)

b) Describe the mineralogical and textural changes that will occur following an intrusion into a limestone

protolith. (8marks)

Part

II:

Mineralogy

1) Define crystal lattice,

Unit

Cell

b) with the aid of illustrations state the types of unit cell (5nmrks)

2) i-The most abundant elements in the whole Earth by weight are a) Iron, lead, zinc; b) Nickel, Magnesium,

lead c) Iron, Oxygen, Silicon; d) iron, Hydrogen, Helium. (1 mark)

ii- Minerals of a major mineral group are classified into subgroups based on (a) crystal structure, b) Organic

and inorganic qualities c) chemical composition d) colour (1mark)

iii- A volcanic rock derived from a magma containing about 50% silica will probably have one of the

following compositions (a) quart, biotite, orthoclase b) olivine, pyroxene, and Ca-rich plagioclase c) quartz,

olivine, and hornblende, d) Clay minerals, quartz and hematite (1mark)

3) Why do minerals at the top of the Bowen's Reaction Series weather more readily than those at the bottom of

the series (3marks)

4) Describe the following geologic environments or processes of formation of important minerals. Indicate

both a mineral and rock that form in each environment. a) ultrarnafic layered intrusion, b) hydrothermal,

e) pegmatitic, d) metasomatic (6marks)

5) Explain how X-ray diffractions and mineral density can be used for rapid identification of different minerals.

What advantage does one has over the other (6marks)

6) Classify minerals on the bases of their anionic groups (12marks)

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