REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON THE UNIVERSITY OF BAMENDA

Peace-Work-Fatherland

P. O. BOX 39 Bambili

School/Faculty: _FACULTY OF SCIENCE____________ Department:_Biological Sciences

Lecturer(s): _ OUMAR/ FOTSING/ YANA_________

Course Code: _ZOOS2101_______ Course Title: Invertebrates Zoology

Date: _18/07/16_______Halls: __ Amphi340/Asanji________Time: 7:30-10:30__

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Instructions: Answer all questions, section by section beginning with any part of your choice.

(d) hypertrophy (e) metaplasia

2. What Is an example of fibrinous inflammation? (a) serous pleural (b) bread and butter

pericarditis (c) acute bacterial meningitis (d) Tuberculoma (e) none of the above

3. Which Is NOT evidence of irreversible cell Injury? (a) acute cell swelling “cellular enema”)

(b) calcium chunks in the mitochondria (c) nuclear pyknosis (d) rupture cf the lysosomes (e) all

the above are evidence of irrevisble cell injury.

4. Which is not a feature of apoptotic cell death? (a) cutting of the DNA at regular intervals (b)

cross-linking of proteins to the cytoplasm (c) destruction of the cytoskeleton (d) liquefaction Of

the apoptotic remnant (e) pyknosis of the nucleus as in other forms of necrosis

5. What is the name of the phenomenon where WBC’s marginate and become attached to the

klinefelter syndrome e) Al I of the above

8. True about apoptosis Is all, except: (a) Considerable apoptosis may occur in a tissue before it

becomes apparent in histology (b) Apoptotic cells appear round mass of the intensely

eosinophilic cytoplasm with dense nuclear chromatin fragments (c) Apoptosis of cells induce

Inflammatory reaction (d) Macrophages phagocytose the apoptotic cells and degrade them

9.

:

Concerning the human genome: (/) Every cell in the human body has DNA with the same

genetics information (b) Different cells perform different functions because they have different

genetics materials (c) Different cells perform different functions because they have different

genetics material but use different part of it (d) All the cells of the body have 22 pairs of

10. Concerning the Mandelian genetics, all the following statements are correct except:

A disease linked to a gene defect on the X chromosome; meaning that the disease essentially as

recessive inheritance in women and dominance in men

11. Why arc males more likely to exhibit on X linked recessive trait than females? (a) Male sex

hormones affect expression of genes from the X chromosome. b) Most genes on the X

chromosome are not shared with the Y. (c) X linked traits tend to control male secondary sexual

development, (d) None of these

12. The following factors may cause cells injury except one: (a) Hypoxia and ischemia (b)

Immunological reaction (c) Aging and genetic defects (d) Mitosis and meiosis (e) all of the

above

13. The following biochemical mechanism or substances cannot lead to cell lnjury: (a) Loss of

adaptation to achieve a new steady, state (e) if the injury is too severe, the affected cells die

(d)None of the above is correct

Question 2: State the 5 beneficial effects of acute inflammation 2.25mark

Question 3: State the 4 causes of chronic inflammation 2 mark

Question 4:

KANDE ALMAZ is pregnant for the second time. Her first child, ABEBE has disease X.

KANDE ALMAZ has 2 brothers, TESFAYE and FANTU, and a sister DESTA. FANTU and

DESTA are unmarried. TESFAYE is married to an unrelated woman called TENAGNE, and has

a 2 year old daughter, MIMI. KANDE ALMAZ'S parents are ATO KEBEDE & KANDE

EE'.ETECH. BELETECH'S sister who is called KANDE KELEMUWA is the mother of

Part B: (23 marks)

b) Describe the two (2) types of hypogonadism (4 marks)

3. a) Cite the different functions of the kidney (0,5 * 4 = 2 marks)

b) Describe the pathophysiology of renal calculi (2 marks)

c) Give predisposing factors, or causes of renal calculi. (1,75 marks)

4. How can you explain the body wide edema observed in acute glomerulonephritis (3 marks)

5. Describe the different manifestation of altered cognition (3 marks).

6. Describe symptoms and give causes of Alzheimer's disease (4,25 marks)

PART C: (23marks)

Exercise 1: define in 2 lines maximum the following: Germ, Carrier, virulence, resistance,

(2x2=4 marks).

Exercise 5: State and define the different kinds of an infection. For each group state 2 examples

(3.75 marks).

Exercise 6: Inhalations anthrax is a disease which develops after the deposition of aerosolized

spores of agents into the lungs, where they are taken up by alveolar microphages and transported

to mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. The illness, after 1 to 4 days, is. characterized by a rapid

onset of deterioration with acute dyspnea,, fever, diaphoresis, cyanosis. Hemorrhagic

mediastinitis is the most characteristic finding, and is accompanied by tabulated mediastinal

widening due to massive lymphadenopathy on chest x-ray between 4 to 8 days of illness.

However, some malaises including fever, chills, dyspnea, nonproductive cough, headache,

c) what is the duration of incubation period for this disease? (0.5 marks).

d) What indicates the brief period of recovery before progressing cf the diseases? And what is its

physiological characteristic in infectious diseases? (2marks).