Lower Plants (BOTS2101)
Biological Science - BS
Semester: First Semester
Level: 200
Year: 2016
REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON THE UNIVERSITY OF BAMENDA
Peace-Work-Fatherland P. O. BOX 39 Bambili
School/Faculty: Science Department: Biological Sciences
Lecturer(s):Dr Njouonkou/Tacham Course Code:BIOTS2101
Course Title: Lower plants
First Semester Date: _05/03/2016-A340, PBA07
Time: 3 hours Instructions: Answer
All questions chronologically and clearly
1- Leaving things are made up of cells and have different levels of organization. Without comments list
these levels. 4x 0.5 marks
2- In relation to the classification of living things, there are 5 kingdoms according to whittaker (1968),
name:
2a) the two main characteristics of Monera. (two lines maximum). 2x0.5mark
2b) the two main characteristics of Protista. (two lines maximum). 2x0.5 mark
2c) the common characteristic between Bacteria, Fungi and Plants. (one line maximum). 1 mark
3- Kingdom Monera is divided in Eubacteria and Archaebacteria.
3a) in one line give the main difference between both groups. (1 mark)
3b) list without comment the different phyla of Archaebacteria. (3x 0.5)
4- Phylum Eubacteria is divided into three phyla:
4a) in which phylum are heterocyst found? (two words maximum) 1 mark
4b) what is the role of heterocyst? (two lines maximum) 1 mark
4c) give one important genus(or species) of the said phyla used nowadays as health-food (one word)
1 mark
5- Algae are recognized to belong to the kingdom Protista and are divided into several phyla amongst which
some are listed in the table below. Using letters complete table according to the characteristics of each
phyla: 7.5 marks
Phylum Rdodophyta Chromophyta Chlorophyta Dinophyta Euglenophyta
Colour Red Brown Green Brownish
Chlorophyll
types
5a 5b 5c 5d 5e
Food reserves 5f 5g,
Laminarine, Mannitol,
oils,fats
5h 5i 5j
6-Give two common characteristics between Rhodophyta and Cyanophyta. 2 marks
7- Spirogyra is a green alga commonly found in fresh water pond and lake. Give:
7a) its class (word) 1 mark
7b) its type of thallus. (4 words maximum) 1 mark
7c) its mode of fertilization. 0.5 mark
7d) its type of life cycle. 0.5 mark
7e) the shape of its plastid. 1 mark
8- Illustrate(draw) without comment, dichogamy mode of fertilization. 1 mark
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9- According to the following description recognize in one word the following division of fungi: (7 marks)
9a-cell wall, septate hyphae, sexual reproduction unknown
9b-no cell-wall, flagella present, plasmodium, planogamy
9c- cell-wall made up of cellulose, coenocytiphyae, flagella presents
9d- cell-wall made up of chitine and manna, spetate hyphae, external sexual spores, somatogamy
9f-cell-wall made of chitine and glucan or manna, internal sexual spores, septate hyphae
9g- cell-wall made of chitine and chitasane, ceonocytic hyphae, no flagella, cystogamy
10- without comments, list 3 types of asexual spores produced in fungi. (3x1 mark)
11- Puccinia graminis a parasitic funus causing rust on plants and developing its life cycle on 2 different
plants species, give the two plants species infested by this fungus during its life cycle. (2 mark)
12- Match words or expressions of list A with those of list A using only letters and numbers. (3 marks)
List A: 1- Mucor mucedo; 2- ustilaginomycotina; 3-Termitocyces; 4-Mycorhizae; 5- Pucciniomycotina; 6-
late blight of potatoes.
List B: a-bread moulds; b-smut fungi; c-edible mushroom; d-symbiosis; e-rust fungi; f-phytophtora
infestans.
13- Draw a basidium and ascus (2 marks)
14- What is the name given to the lichen that is mostly found in montane forest areas? 1 mark
15- what is the main fungus component of lichens in temperate regions? 1 mark
16- Graphis scripta belongs to which group of lichens? 1 mark
17- State one example of lichen that is formed from a combination of crustose or foliose lichen with part of
fruticose stalks. 1 mark
18- Which are the major bud-like structures that are responsible for vegetative multiplication in lichen? 1
mark
19- One major ecological importance of lichens in colonization of waste land is? 1 mark
20- The study of the evolutionary relationship that exists between organisms is known as? 1 mark
21- How do bryophytes differ from vascular plants? 1 mark
22- To which class does Marchantia polymorpha belong? 1 mark
23- State two apomorphies of the liverworts. 2 marks
24- The specialized structures in liverworts change with vegetative propagation are known as? 1 mark
25- The region of actively dividing cells near the base of the sporophyte of hornwort is known as? 1 mark
26- What major difference exists between the Marchantiophyta and Jungermanniophyta. 1 mark
27- What does monophyletic mean? 1 mark
28- The change in shape in response to changes in moisture content in the environment is known as? 1 mark
29- ln table form give three differences between mosses and hornworts structure, symmetry, rhizoids and
Gametangia. 8 marks
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30- Draw a well labeled diagram showing the sporangium during spore dispersal. 3 marks
31- How will you classify lichens in relation to their habitat? 1 mark
32- State one major difference between the protonema of mosses and liverwort. 2 marks
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